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What is intelligent document processing (IDP)?

Intelligent document processing is the automated handling of documents end to end: reading them with OCR, classifying them by type, extracting the fields that matter, validating those fields against business rules, and routing the result. It differs from plain OCR by understanding what a document is, not only what it says.

A useful way to see the distinction: OCR turns an image of an invoice into text. IDP recognizes that the text is an invoice, finds the vendor, line items, and total, checks the total against the purchase order, and either files it or sends it to a person to resolve.

The practical value shows up in mixed inbound batches — a single scanned bundle containing a claim form, three receipts, and a letter. An IDP pipeline detects where each document begins and ends, splits them, and routes each to a different destination without anyone counting pages.

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